Class 10 Chemistry Organic Chemistry Notes Punjab Curriculum

Organic Chemistry MCQ`s ,Short Questions and Long Questions Free PDF Download Punjab Curriculum

Chemistry Chapter 11 : Organic Chemistry Complete Notes MCQ`s, Short Questions and Long Questions

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Key Points of Chapter 11 : Organic Chemistry

Organic compounds are compounds of carbon and hydrogen and their derivatives.
Compounds made up of carbon and hydrogen are called hydrocarbons. They are alkanes, alkenes and alkynes.
Organic compounds are molecular compounds having covalent bonding.
They form homologous series of compounds, thus their properties resemble within a series.
Sources of organic compounds are animals, plants, coal, petroleum and natural gas.
Dead plants buried under Earth’s crust are converted into coal; petroleum and gas. Coal is blackish solid material.
Coal is of four types, i.e peat, lignite, bituminous and anthracite.
Destructive distillation of coal produces; coal gas, ammonical liquor; coal tar and coke.
Petroleum is a dark brownish or greenish black coloured viscous liquid consisting of several compounds. These compounds are separated by fractional distillation.
Natural gas is a mixture of low molecular mass hydrocarbons. It is mainly used as fuel.
Living plants synthesize macro-molecules (carbohydrates, proteins, fats and vitamins).
Organic compounds can also be synthesized in laboratories ranging from the simplest compounds to complex ones.
Organic compounds have wide range of uses. They are used as food, clothing, housing fuel, medicines and to prepare a variety of materials.
Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons, alkyl radicals are derivatives of alkanes which are represented by ‘R’.
An atom or a group of atoms that provide characteristic properties to an organic compound is called functional group.
Depending upon the functional groups, organic compounds are classified as alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, esters, amines and alkyl halides.